Reduction Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Decrease Definition and Examples in Chemistry Decrease includes a half-response wherein a compound animal varieties diminishes its oxidation number, as a rule by picking up electrons. The other portion of the response includes oxidation, in which electrons are lost. Together, decrease and oxidation structure redox responses (decrease oxidation redox). Decrease might be viewed as the contrary procedure of oxidation. In certain responses, oxidation and decrease might be seen as far as oxygen move. Here, oxidation is the increase of oxygen, while decrease is the loss of oxygen. An old, less-regular meaning of oxidation and decrease analyzes the response regarding protons or hydrogen. Here, oxidation is ​the loss of hydrogen, while decrease is the increase of hydrogen. The most precise decrease definition includes electrons and oxidation number. Instances of Reduction The H particles, with an oxidation number of 1, are decreased to H2, with an oxidation number of 0, in the response: Zn(s) 2H(aq) â†' Zn2(aq) H2(g) Another straightforward model is the response between copper oxide and magnesium to yield copper and magnesium oxide: CuO Mg â†' Cu MgO Rusting of iron is a procedure that includes oxidation and decrease. Oxygen is decreased, while iron is oxidized. While its simple to distinguish which species are oxidized and decreased utilizing the oxygen meaning of oxidation and decrease, its harder to envision electrons. One approach to do this is to change the response as an ionic condition. Copper(II) oxide and magnesium oxide are ionic mixes, while the metals are most certainly not: Cu2 Mg â†' Cu Mg2 The copper particle experiences decrease by picking up electrons to frame copper. The magnesium experiences oxidation by losing electrons to shape the 2 cation. Or on the other hand, you can see it as magnesium decreasing the copper(II) particles by giving electrons. Magnesium goes about as a lessening operator. Meanwhile, the copper(II) particles expel electrons from magnesium to shape magnesium particles. The copper(II) particles are the oxidizing specialist. Another model is the response that concentrates iron from iron mineral: Fe2O3 3CO â†' 2Fe 3 CO2 The iron oxide experiences decrease (loses oxygen) to shape iron while the carbon monoxide is oxidized (gains oxygen) to frame carbon dioxide. In this unique situation, iron(III) oxide is the oxidizing operator, which offers oxygen to another particle. Carbon monoxide is the lessening operator, which expels oxygen from a concoction animal categories. OIL RIG and LEO GER To Remember Oxidation and Reduction There are two abbreviations that may assist you with keeping oxidation and decrease straight. OIL RIG-This represents Oxidation Is Loss and Reduction Is Gain. The species that is oxidized loses electrons, which are picked up by the species that is reduced.LEO GER or Leo the lion says grr.- This represents Loss of Electrons Oxidation while Gain of Electrons Reduction. Another approach to recollect which some portion of the response is oxidized and which is diminished is to just review decrease mean decrease in control.

Making Hotplates Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Making Hotplates - Assignment Example As uncovered, â€Å"specialized employments turned out to be very boring† (Gachire, n.d., p. 8) and the change prodded inspiration and improvement. The huge increment in execution and employment fulfillment that was made conceivable with distinguishing the completed item to explicit specialists similarly added to the critical drop in truancy and an expansion in moral. Similarly, by requesting the recommendation of the laborers who are generally learned in methods of improving their occupations (Gachire, n.d.), there was a checked improvement in moral related to expanded inspiration, drop in non-attendance and increment in by and large execution and profitability. The significant changes in the circumstance remember urging the laborers to work for another procedure work process that would empower every specialist to collect the hotplate totally. This change gave powerful inspiration to drive these laborers into improving execution and efficiency since each yield could be effortlessly recognized and represented by the laborers. Along these lines, every laborer put forth a valiant effort to guarantee that the completed item is liberated from any quality deformities. The proposed change was successfully imagined and executed by the director, with information sources and recommendations talked about at first with the laborers. As at first demonstrated, the rejects were for all intents and purposes controllable; which means, the administrator could without much of a stretch forestall their events. Hence, the progressions were constrained by the laborers under the administration and inspiration gave by the director. In the event that the laborers returned to the old sequential construction system technique, a similar high pace of truancy, high pace of rejects, and low efficiency and resolve would result. As assessed, as started from conduct the board hypotheses that attention on deciding the activity design’s connection to efficiency, fulfillment and inspiration, the old mechanical production system strategy is excessively organized, everyday practice, and repetitive that keeps laborers from being tested and in

Quit-Smoking Drug Chantix May Help Heavy Drinkers

Quit-Smoking Drug Chantix May Help Heavy Drinkers Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Print The Quit-Smoking Drug Chantix May Help Heavy Drinkers By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Updated on August 13, 2019 efenzi/Getty Images More in Addiction Coping and Recovery Methods and Support Overcoming Addiction Personal Stories Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use A drug used to help people stop smoking may also help heavy drinkers cut back the amount they drink, thereby reducing their harmful level of alcohol consumption. A study of the drug varenicline, marketed as Chantix, significantly reduced the level of consumption by a group of heavy-drinking smokers, who were seeking treatment for smoking, not for alcohol. Researchers believe the drug could possibly be a new treatment for those who need to reduce their level of harmful drinking. At the Wheeler Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction at the Ernest Gallo Clinic and Research Center at the University of California, San Francisco, researchers studied 64 patients seeking treatment for smoking cessation over a 16-week period. Part of the group was given Chantix and the other a placebo. The Average Number of Are Drinks Reduced The participants who took Chantix reduced their average number of drinks per week by 35.32% compared to those taking the placebo. The researchers found that the drugs effects on drinking were separate from its effects on smokingâ€"there was no correlation between the average number of drinks and the average number of cigarettes they smoked. The study found that Chantix did not reduce the number of days per week the participants drank  but reduced the number of drinks they consumed when they did drink. People initiated drinking at the same rate, but they drank less once they started, said lead author Jennifer Mitchell. If your usual pattern was to come home and have a few beers, you would still do that, but you might have one or two instead of four or five. Medications for Alcoholism Reducing Harmful Drinking The authors concluded that Chantix could potentially be valuable in reducing the harm caused by alcohol abuse. If you currently drink seven drinks a night, and we can turn that into two or three, then youre not only drinking at a level thats going to harm you less, youre less likely to harm others, as well. If we could lower the rates of drunk driving, spousal and child abuse and other secondary effects of alcoholism, that would be tremendous, Mitchell said in a news release. Chantix helps people stop smoking by blocking the pleasant effects of nicotine in the brain. The authors believe that alcohol and nicotine use a common pathway in the brain to provide feelings of pleasure and reward. Low Side Effects in Controlled Group The downside to Chantix, however, is the negative side effects of producing depression and thoughts of suicide. In this study, the researchers said the side effects were low and reduced over time, but that may be due to the fact that participants were carefully screened for mental health disorders before they were allowed into the study. Further research is needed to examine side effects that include depression and suicidal thoughts. The researchers recommend future studies with participants who have comorbid mental health conditions as well as with heavy drinkers who do not smoke. The Link Between Alcohol Use Disorder and Depression

Compare Contrast - 1550 Words

ONE IN THE SAME Due to the many similarities and very few differences, an alcoholic and a workaholic can be considered as being one in the same. According to the medical dictionary a workaholic is defined as â€Å"one who has a compulsive and unrelenting need to work† (The American Heritage Stedman’s Medical Dictionary). Although some people tend to confuse a hard worker for a workaholic, some common characteristics that can distinguish the two are that workaholics are often described as intense, impatient, energetic, competitive, and driven to perfection (Robinson 65). They often blur the line between business and pleasure, and prefer work to leisure regardless of the time or place. As a consequence, it is not uncommon for workaholics to†¦show more content†¦The Health assessment of an alcoholic is far worse as they can suffer from a number of health complications and diseases that are associated with alcoholism such as liver disease, alcohol induced pancreati tis, cancer and cardiovascular disease (Rehm136). Not to mention the many types of injuries that be sustained while intoxicated, such as alcohol poisoning, broken limbs, or blackouts (137). Once a person health and family life begin to become effected it should trigger an alarm that something is not right. One of the major steps a workaholic must do to help cope with their problem is to first, recognize that they indeed have a problem. A workaholic must be able to see that the real root of all their problems is due to their unwavering need to constantly choose work over family and leisure time. Once a workaholic recognizes and pinpoints the problem the next step would be for them to accept that they have a problem. At this point it is likely that the workaholics close friends, family and any others that may be affected come together to express their concerns and provide support to the workaholic through a process called group intervention (Dungan 42). The goal of such an intervention is to be able to break through the denial and emotions felt by the workaholic so that they can believe in themselves and find strength within so that they mayShow MoreRelatedCompare and C ontrast1441 Words   |  6 PagesThe Compare/ Contrast Essay First, let’s explain compare and contrast: When we compare, we show our readers a subjects similarities. When we contrast, we show our readers a subjects differences. Compare and Contrast essays are learning-process essays. You learn about your subject as you gather and organize information. This type of essay takes a bit of organization, and its this organizational process, this gathering of facts, that helps you learn as you go. You will create lists of qualitiesRead MoreCompare and Contrast1427 Words   |  6 PagesThe Compare/ Contrast Essay First, let’s explain compare and contrast: When we compare, we show our readers a subjects similarities. When we contrast, we show our readers a subjects differences. Compare and Contrast essays are learning-process essays. You learn about your subject as you gather and organize information. This type of essay takes a bit of organization, and its this organizational process, this gathering of facts, that helps you learn as you go. You will create listsRead MoreCompare and Contrast1582 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: COMPARE AND CONTRAST Compare and Contrast Self Administered Test Mary Coleman May 12, 2008 PSYU 565 Jeffrey A. Stone, PhD. Chapman University Compare and Contrast Self Administered Test The assignment for this week is to compare and contrast the results from three self administered tests we took in class. The tests I will compare and contrast are the 16 Personality Factors (16PF), the Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), and the Taylor-Johnson Temperament Analysis (T-JTA)Read MoreCompare-Contrast1087 Words   |  5 PagesCompare-Contrast This paper is on compare-contrast of two advertisements dealing with two beauty products. One will be targeted towards men, while the other will be targeted towards women. The two beauty products advertisements that will be compared and contrast are the Axe Body Spray advertisement (18-19) and the Victoria’s Secret fragrance mist advertisement (Bath and Body Works). Both advertisements use different marketing promotions technique to try to get the attention and win over theirRead Morecompare contrast1165 Words   |  5 Pageshe is more interested in men which leads readers to believe he has homosexual tendencies. After this Emily decides to kill Homer and thus resulting in her keeping his lifeless body in the room upstairs until the day she herself passes. When you compare the two stories they have a very similar tone. Though the locations are different they still connect through the same tone. Phoenix Jackson is on a trail walking to town to buy some medicine for her Grandson, while Miss Emily is locked up in her houseRead MoreCompare Contrast1072 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast Christopher Smith University of Phoenix COM-170 COMPOSITION AND COMMUNICATION I January 14, 2014 Regina Vega Compare and Contrast Growing up, there are countless young boys, who have the dream of someday being a professional football or baseball player. Going outside and letting the imagination of being on the big stage and making the final pitch to win the World Series or the final Hail Mary throw to win the SuperRead MoreCompare and Contrast778 Words   |  4 PagesCompare and contrast the way Seamus Heaney and at least one other poet describe their childhood experiences. The two poets I am writing about are Seamus Heaney and D H Laurence. The two poems by Seamus Heaney I will be writing about are death of a naturalist and blackberry picking. The poem by D H Laurence I will be writing about is discord in childhood. Death of a naturalist Death of a naturalist is about Seamus Heaney as a child going to this pond where every year he went to collect frogspawnRead MoreCompare and Contrast1122 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and Contrast Essay In today’s society the majority of the crimes are still being committed by people who have possessed a firearm that has been obtained illegally or without proper permits. That being said there has been a strong push for gun control because of the rise of shootings involving a large group of people such as the Columbine massacre, Virginia Tech shooting and latest Aurora movie theater shooting involving people who have purchased firearms legally. Gun control laws in theRead MoreCompare and Contrast2738 Words   |  11 PagesCompare and Contrast Economic Market Systems In differentiating between market structures one has to compare and contrast public goods, private goods, common resources, and natural monopolies. All of these are major factors that need to be considered. Public goods are those goods in which all of society benefit from and are equally shared among everyone within. These types of goods can be consumed simultaneously by several individuals without diminishing the value of consumption to any individualRead MoreCompare and Contrast2751 Words   |  12 PagesCompare and Contrast Economic Market Systems In differentiating between market structures one has to compare and contrast public goods, private goods, common resources, and natural monopolies. All of these are major factors that need to be considered. Public goods are those goods in which all of society benefit from and are equally shared among everyone within. These types of goods can be consumed simultaneously by several individuals without diminishing the value of consumption to any individual

The Importance Of Emotion Knowledge And Emotion Competence...

The Significance of Emotion Knowledge and Emotion Competence Children will often have behavior issues that result in difficulties adjusting to school. Emotion competence and emotion knowledge is the ability to recognize, interpret, and respond constructively to emotions (Miller et al., 2006). What role does emotion knowledge as well as emotion competence have in the behavior and adjustment to school for preschool children? The answer to that question is unclear. Researchers have uncovered evidence that provides mixed results regarding the importance of emotion knowledge and competence in the behavior adjustment to school by preschool children. Literature Review Emotion knowledge and emotion competence has a neutral and negative effect in some areas of preschool child development (Salmon, Dittman, Sanders, Burson, Hammington 2014; Berzinski Yates 2013). Berzinski and Yates (2013) found that children with behavior problems also have low emotion knowledge and low emotion competence subsequently they believed that emotion knowledge along with emotion competence would affect the behavior of children. Berzinski and Yates (2013) presented evidence that suggested harsh punishment was linked to the behavior adjustment of children. They conducted a study that analyzed the possible relationship between emotion knowledge, emotion competence, and harsh punishment of preschoolers. Their study involved observing child and parent interaction within a clinical setting.Show MoreRelatedThe Preschool Kids Learning Values, Skills, And Knowledge1706 Words   |  7 Pagesthis case, the preschool kids learning values, skills, and knowled ge, with the sole purpose of enabling them to effectively relate to their peers, others, and the community as a whole. The social learning activity can be passed to children directly by their caretakers or even indirectly through an adorable relationship with the family and friends. Children participation in the culture around them can also impact social development knowledge to them. Children build two major senses through learningRead MoreDiversity and Cultural Competence in Family Therapy Essay1050 Words   |  5 Pages Diversity and Cultural Competence in Family Therapy A therapist will face problems, issues and client troubles everyday. The professional must understand how their client relates to the world around them. These feelings and ideas affect how the client sees the problem and how they respond to their situation. Their actions, in turn, have bearing on individual thoughts, needs, and emotions. The therapist must be aware of the clients history, values, and culture in order to provideRead More Studies in Emotional Intelligence Essay1445 Words   |  6 Pagesfailure of IQ to account for the variance between performance and success is especially evident among managers and senior leaders. IQ alone is unable to predict this as well as competencies that integrate emotional, social and cognitive abilities. Emotions and cognition are interwoven in the aspects of emotional intelligence, especially in interpersonal functioning, empathy, motivation, affective self-regulation, self-awareness, and complex decision-making. The range restriction on the variable ofRead MoreStudies in Emotional Intelligence1467 Words   |  6 Pagesfailure of IQ to account for the variance between performance and success is especially evident among managers and senior leaders. IQ alone is unable to predict this as well as competencies that integrate emotional, social and cognitive abilities. Emotions and cognition are interwoven in the aspects of emotional intelligence, especially in interpersonal functioning, empathy, motivation, affective self-regulation, self-awareness, and complex decision-making. The range restriction on the variable ofRead MoreSituational Leadership Style And Level Of Development1678 Words   |  7 Pagesof 25 †¢ Truth-Seeker – your score 23 out of 25 †¢ Creative builder – your score is 17 out of 25 †¢ Experienced guide – your score is 16 out of 25 Conclusion In order to be an effective leader, there is no one style to be used. I need to have full knowledge for each style and based on the situation and / or the followers choose the best that fits. I need to be a democratic when business is running smoothly, Visionary when planning new projects, coaching with low performers, autocratic when I need toRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Nursing Leadership1638 Words   |  7 PagesBackground and Concept of Emotional Intelligence Psychologists John Mayer and Peter Salovey first introduced emotional intelligence in 1990. They defined emotional intelligence as the ability to take note of one s own and others feelings and emotions, to be able to tell the difference between them and to use the information gathered to make one s decision on how to act upon this information (Mayer Salovey, 1997). There are four parts to emotional intelligence that will be discussed furtherRead MoreComparing Three Types Of Managers973 Words   |  4 Pagessnacks. A pride-builder realizes different approaches are needed for different individuals and tailors the motivation and pride building to the individual or specific groups. A pride-builder is often called a master motivator as they understand the importance of pride and the various sources of pride (Katzenbach Khan, 2010, p. 77-80). The Blake and Mouton managerial grid focuses on two axes: concern for people and concern for production. Based on the concern level for both areas manager are dividedRead MoreThe Dark Triad ( Ocd ) Of Emotional Personality Traits And Trait Emotional Intelligence1523 Words   |  7 Pagesmanipulative behavior for personal gain, and psychopathy, coldness and/ or antisocial behavior. Trait EI involves performance and emotional self-perceptions. Ability EI comprises of capabilities analyzed using performance tests with management of emotion being the best ability. The study was conducted in Austria with students from the University of Graz. It was an online survey. There were originally 543 participants in the survey but after three women were identified as multivariate outliers, theyRead MoreHow Stressful Life Experiences Affect A Child s Emotional Development Essay1655 Words   |  7 Pageschildren and evidence has been found which suggests that there is a need for continuity across Initial teacher training institutes. ITT should be an environment for new teachers to learn from the best teachers, introducing them to essential skills, knowledge and understanding that all teachers require in order to continuously improve the opportunities and outcomes of young people. The authors of this study compared the judgements of trainee teachers with the responses of young children regarding theirRead MoreEmotional Intelligence And Human Primates1709 Words   |  7 PagesIt is widely argued that there are a set of universal or basic emotions that are not common solely to humans (Ekman 1992) but whether or not secondary emotions and the extent to which non-basic emotions are found in primates is less well-known. There is a strong suggestion that non-human primates are capable of empathy and that it is a phylogenetically-continuous trait (Preston and de Waal 2002). Whether or not responses displayed in relation to death in non-human primates has been debated and will

Case Study On HR Planning Free Essays

Ms. Barnacles has an MBA-Human Resources Management from Winston Churchill University and has been instrumental in formalizing the institution’s human resources’ policies and procedures. Occupancy rates in the hospital had run between 76 and 82 percent from 1987 to 2012. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study On HR Planning or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, since then, occupancy has fallen to 57 percent. Such declines have not been unusual for this industry during this period due to the emphasis of on outpatient services and increasing competition. However, the decline inning occupancy rate has affected this hospital revenues to such an extent that it ran a deficit for the first time last year. The only response to these changes thus far has been a tightening of requirements for equipment or apply purchases. At the most recent quarterly meeting of the Board of Directors on July 31 , 201 3, DRP. Imides Gigantic presented the rather bleak financial picture. The projected deficit for 2013 was PH 3,865,000. 00 unless some additional revenue sources were identified or some additional savings were found. The Board’s recommendation, based on the immediate crisis and need to generate short-term saving, was that employee layoffs were the only realistic alternative. They recommended that DRP. Imides Gigantic consider laying-off up to 10 percent of the hospital’s employee’s with an emphasis on hose in â€Å"non-essentials† areas. DRP. Gigantic responded that the hospital employees had never been laid off in the history of the institution. Moreover, she viewed the employees as part of the â€Å"family/’ and would have great difficulty in implementing such lay-off. Nevertheless, since she had no realistic short-term alternative for closing the â€Å"revenue gap†, she reluctantly agreed to implement the layoff policy which would be as fair as possible to all employees, with guarantee of reemployment for those laid off, and to find additional revenue sources so that layoffs would be unnecessary in the future. DRP Gigantic called Tees Barnacles into her office the next morning, shared her concerns, and asked her to prepare both a short-term plan to save PH over next year through employee lay-offs as well as long-term plan to avoid layoffs in the future. Her concerns were that the layoffs themselves might be costly in terms Of lost investment in some of the laid-off employees, lost efficiency, potential lawsuits, and lower morale. She was concerned that the criteria for the layoff not only be equitable, but also appear to be equitable to the employees. She also wanted to make sure that those being laid off received adequate† notice so they could make alternative plans or so the hospital could assist them with finding alternative employment. Since the hospital has no previous experience with employee layoffs and no union contract constraints, her feeling was that both seniority and job performance should be considered in determining who would be laid off. Tees knew the hospital’s performance appraisal system was inadequate and needed to be revamped. While this task was high on her â€Å"to do† list, she also knew she had to move ahead with her recommendations on layoffs immediately. The present reference appraisal system uses a traditional checklist rating scale with summary rating. Since there is no forced distribution, the average ratings of employees in different departments varies widely. Exhibit 2. 1 . Shows the summary ratings of employee’s in each department. Most supervisors in all departments rate most of their subordinates either â€Å"satisfactory’ or â€Å"outstanding. † Tees has done a quick review of those employees whose over-all ratings Were â€Å"unsatisfactory† or â€Å"questionable†. Most are employee’s with less than three years of seniority, whereas, the â€Å"satisfactory† employee has worked for Sat. Filament approximately seven years. Tees is preparing to submit her recommendations to DRP. Gigantic and has come to YOU, HER Consultant, for advice. Exhibit 2. 2 provides a summary of the distribution of employees and payroll expense by department for the most recent year. Questions: 1. Identify the major problem or problems and their causes. 2. What are some alternatives for dealing with these problems? For example is it possible to avoid layoffs through the use of attrition? 3. Develop a plan for implementing employee layoffs over the next year which will generate 3 million pesos is savings. Give specific details concerning apartments affected, the use of seniority versus merit, the amount of notice, and out-placement activities. How to cite Case Study On HR Planning, Free Case study samples

The dehumanizing effects of totalitarianism in 1984 by George Orwell Essay Example

The dehumanizing effects of totalitarianism in 1984 by George Orwell: Essay The most prominent message of 1984 is that totalitarianism destroys all that is civil and noble in human beings. In the novel, Orwell writes â€Å"Freedom is the freedom to say two plus two equals four. Once that is granted, all else follows.† The converse of this quote is that by disallowing fundamental freedoms that are inherent to humanity Big Brother and his Party are able to produce a dehumanized, mechanical race of people. In other words, dehumanization is both the cause and effect of a totalitarian political system. This essay will take this as its thesis and flesh out arguments and evidence in support. There are several methods adopted by the party to dehumanize its population. One such is the rigid scheduling of everyday activities for the people. This is most pronounced for members of the Outer Party and Inner Party and less so for the Proletariat. Winston Smith, the protagonist of the story, is a member of the Outer Party. As a result he is subject to strict daily routines which have a dehumanizing effect. For example, the day begins not with a gentle tap that wakes one up from a peaceful sleep. Instead the ubiquitous telescreen lets out a shrieking, piercing alarm that shocks the sleeper out of bed. But this is just the beginning of the torturous routine that cannot be evaded by anyone. After the shocking wake-up call the citizens are subject to a compulsory exercise regimen. Winston suffers from coughing fits each morning, but still he cannot excuse himself from these ‘physical jerks’ as they are called. To boot, his varicose ulcer condition is also exacerbated by the strain of exercise. By forcing people into these rigorous everyday routines, the Inner Party and the masterminds who inhabit it, induce a sense of helplessness among the population. If one of the hallmarks of human nature is the ‘freedom’ to think and act accordingly, the agenda of the Party nullifies this possibility. We will write a custom essay sample on The dehumanizing effects of totalitarianism in 1984 by George Orwell: specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The dehumanizing effects of totalitarianism in 1984 by George Orwell: specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The dehumanizing effects of totalitarianism in 1984 by George Orwell: specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The other method of dehumanization that the Party has devised is the abolition of sex and intimacy among couple. Sex is allowed only in conjugal relations, but that too strictly for the purpose of procreation. In fact the establishment of agencies like Anti-Sex League is toward this end. The rationale for the encouragement of celibacy is that by suppressing the sex-instinct, the instincts toward liberty and free thought might also be repressed. By taking control of a fundamental human urge – to seek and offer love – the Party can sufficiently control a whole range of other thoughts and expression. The Thought Police is especially vigilant in detecting, verifying and ultimately punishing those who are found guilty of this grievous ‘crime’. The effect of such an attack on sex and intimacy is a society that is deeply dehumanized. In Winston Smith’s own case, his marriage to Catherine was short lived. Having been indoctrinated by the Anti-Sex League, Cat herine turned out to be frigid woman devoid of any passion. Her perception of marriage was one of duty toward the party. Caught between his wife’s dogmatic attitude toward marriage and her acquired frigidity of body and emotion, Winston found his fifteen months of married life a dehumanizing experience. Another effective method employed by Big Brother and his team of social planners is total control of personal memory. There is no such thing as individual remembrance of fact or event. The only source of reference or knowledge is through the books, journals and historical records published by the Ministry of Information. The coining of the name Ministry of Information is meant ironically by Orwell, for what it produces is largely misinformation. Freedom, in the context of the Ministry of Information, is the freedom to truth. If the ministry decides that two plus two shall be five and not four, such will become the immutable ‘truth’ in the eerie world of Oceania. Political propaganda is the only guiding logic behind any piece of information dished out by the ministry. But not all such information can be assimilated by a human being. In the case of Winston Smith, being a man of above average intelligence and perceptiveness, his mind revolts against accepting party propaganda that stands in contradiction to his personal knowledge. It is in recognition of this natural tendency to rebel that the word ‘doublethink’ is introduced in Newspeak. Even Winston’s everyday job is one of purging, correcting or fabricating old records of The Times to suit current political expediencies. In this way, Winston’s job is about eliminating the merit or necessity of individual memory. The freedom to possess personal knowledge or memory is made redundant with the constant reinvention of history. Thus if Winston produces an article to the effect of saying two plus two equals five, such will become the undisputed fact. By taking away from people the fundamental right to independent thought, sound logic and personal memory, the Party turns them into mere puppets. They are by the same token deeply dehumanized. The totalitarian control over personal memory is one symptom of a broader systemic condition in Oceania, namely, the total lack of freedom of press. This has several implications. For example, beyond the fact of freedom of speech and expression, as well as the claim to a fundamental human right, it affects other domains of life. The quality and content of art and literature depends on it. Likewise, the shape of intellectual life and public discourse is borne by freedom of press. Even the seemingly abstract and removed world of scientific inquiry cannot flourish under harsh censorship. And most importantly, freedom of press is often linked to freedom in education. When the education system and the disseminated content are controlled by the state, there are serious repercussions. The young impressionable minds of children are most vulnerable to systematic indoctrination. By careful choice and structuring of syllabi at various levels, Big Brother and his Party have supreme power to prod uce young adults who would toe the party line. This is equivalent to subjecting children to an assembly line of production. Such a scenario is not only profoundly harmful and dehumanizing for the children of Oceania. In conclusion, the fundamental freedom to thought, action and seeking truth is abolished in the dystopia of Oceania. Thereby, its wretched citizens of all categorizations do not have the power to say ‘two plus two equals four’. The deprivation of such a basic freedom has profound implications in all realms of life. What this nightmarish system produces ultimately are hordes of mindless and subservient masses of people who are not human in the sense we know it. They are decidedly less than human and more akin to captive animals. Reference: Orwell, George (1949). Nineteen Eighty-Four. A novel. New York: Harcourt, Brace Co.

How to Major in Success by Following Your Passion

How to Major in Success by Following Your Passion If you’ve thought that getting good grades makes you a successful student, think again. In his book, Major in Success, Patrick Combs clearly outlines what being successful really means for students, no matter how old they are. The difference between mediocrity and greatness is not family or intelligence, Combs says, it’s extraordinary drive. How do you get extraordinary drive? It’s all about passion, baby, about discovering what it is you love to do. Combs suggests you: Admit what really interests youPinpoint your true aspirations (including the ones your family might not agree with)Discover the many jobs related to your interest (Combs shows you how) Feel your fears and do it anyway. What I really like about this book is that Combs anticipates the arguments against his ideas and answers them with helpful exercises that walk you through what he’s trying to get you to realize, experience, and act on. His own passion for helping others find their passion is evident. So many other books on success focus on more tangible advice, and that’s important too, but if underneath all that surface stuff your fire isn’t blazing, satisfaction is going to be hard won, if won at all. Trust your emotions, Combs writes. Choose enjoyment, satisfaction, and learning over dollars. He also suggests your best job may not be what you’re good at, and that life is very generous to those who follow their passions and pursue their dreams. I find that inspiring, not only for twenty-somethings just starting out, but also for those of us who have tried a career or three and are still searching for the one that brings us joy. The older we get, the more important that becomes. Combs provides plenty of exercises for discovering which job that might be. He also discusses: Power journalingDealing with fearSetting goalsChoosing the classes that really matterManaging time and stressFinding a coachNetworking in professional organizationsInterviewing effectively Major in Success is filled with practical advice about the things that really matter in life, the things that lead to true success. About the Author Patrick Combs is a best-selling author, inspirational speaker, and humorous entertainer. He is in the Motivational Speakers Hall of Fame and has an off-Broadway solo comedy act. You can lots of helpful stuff for students at goodthink.com, one of Patricks early sites where you will also find great tips on writing, speaking, and planning meetings. Google Patrick Combs and you will find him at patrickcombs.com and at livepassionate.com, the site for his company, MIGHT, an online tool and community that enables people to accomplish phenomenal results in record time. And, of course, you can find him everywhere on social media. I love it when I find a company that generously shares information that helps others succeed. Patricks company, Good Thinking Co., is one of those companies. Goodthink.com is filled with witty, inspiring quotations, movie lists, book lists, favorite essays, stories, videos, seminars, and links to other helpful sites. Patrick Combs has published two other books: Man 1, Bank 0 - the true story of one mans battle against his bankGearing Up (Inside and Out) for a Great Life You can pay a little extra for signed copy. Go forth and be successful. Theres an abundance of advice available and no excuse not to!

Questions to Ask When Hiring a Lawyer

Questions to Ask When Hiring a Lawyer Choosing a lawyer can be the most important decision an immigrant makes. Before hiring legal counsel, take the time to find out what youre getting. Here are the questions you should ask during an interview with a prospective attorney. What to Ask an Immigration Lawyer How long have you been practicing immigration law?- There is no substitute for experience when it comes to handling the most challenging cases. It’s important that your attorney not only knows the law but also understands the process. Don’t be afraid to ask about the lawyer’s background and credentials, either. It can be a good idea to talk to a former client and ask how things went.Are you a member of AILA?- The American Immigration Lawyers Association (AILA) is a national organization of more than 11,000 attorneys and law professors who practice and teach immigration law. They are specialists who are up to date on U.S. law. AILA attorneys represent U.S. families seeking permanent residency for family members and U.S. businesses seeking talent from overseas. AILA members also represent foreign students and asylum seekers, often on a pro bono basis.Have you worked on cases similar to mine?- It’s always a plus if the lawyer has been successfully working a c ase that is similar to yours. Immigration cases can vary greatly and experience with your particular situation can make all the difference. What actions will you take immediately and what will follow?- Try to get a mental picture of the road ahead. Get an idea of how complicated or difficult your case may be. Take the opportunity beforehand to find out how knowledgeable and how aggressive your prospective attorney is.What are my chances of a positive outcome?- An experienced, reputable attorney will have a good idea what’s ahead and won’t make promises that can’t be kept. Be wary if you hear something that sounds too good to be true. It just might be.What can I do to improve my Chances for success?- Try to be a working partner in your own cause. Get your lawyer the documents or information she or he requires as soon as possible. Make sure you are forthcoming and that the information you give about yourself is accurate and complete. Get involved and learn the legal terminology.Can you give me an estimate of how long my case will be resolved?- It is always difficult to come up with a precise timetable when you’re dealing with the government, especially when it comes to immigration issues. But an experienced attorney can give you at least a rough estimate of what the schedule ahead might look like. You also can check on your case status directly with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. Who will be working on my case besides you?- Support staff can be critical. Ask about any paralegals, investigators, researchers or even secretaries that will be assisting your attorney. It’s good to know their names and understand their roles. If there are language or translation issues, find out who might speak your language in the office.How will we communicate with each other?- Find out if the lawyer wants to talk by phone, or communicate by emails, text messages or overnight mail. Many attorneys still rely on traditional postal services (snail mail) to do much of the work. If that doesn’t suit you, make other arrangements or hire someone else. Don’t leave the office or turn off the phone without getting all the contact information you will need. If you’re overseas, you need to think about time differentials when you’re calling or text messaging.What is your rate and your best estimate of the total cost?- Ask what type of payment the lawyer acce pts (are credit cards OK?) and when you will be billed. Ask for a breakdown of the charges and see if there are any ways to minimize the cost. Find out if there are any extra expenses that might come up.

Business School Networking Refelction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Business School Networking Refelction - Essay Example I conducted my research prior to attending the simulation. I checked the websites about networking simulations. I also managed to play one of the online networking simulations prior to this one. This helped me prepare well before the actual test. I wrote my weaknesses from the prior simulation and tried to work on them before we went for the class simulation. During the conversation I was able to interact with Mr. Schiff managing Director of BIDCO Company. He told me that networking is not about whom you are but what people say you are. Our tutor Mr. Tom also told me that networking is critical and building relationships is the catalyst for a successful business. In addition to this, my friend Claire told me that if I was to succeed I would need to continually connect with new people and cultivate emerging relationships and leverage my network. I took all these conversations as very important. During this time I built my confidence and gained courage in the field of business. In the end I learnt that networking is all about cultivating a win-win situation by accelerating professional development and seeking new career

The Case of the Off-Rhythm Bongo Player Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Case of the Off-Rhythm Bongo Player - Essay Example As explained by Jason Bardi reports from the Scripps Institute, "calcium is a second messenger and regulates many different intracellular processes, including gene expression within cells." (Bardi, 2004) and "the transfer or spread of this excitability to a neuronal network, manifested as electro-graphic and clinical seizures, occurs via synaptic transmission." (Wellmer J, Su H, Beck H, Yaari Y and Eur J Neurosci, 2002) The effect on ion channels and effect on threshold are distinctive in the sense that "native calcium channels have been classified by both their electrophysiological and pharmacological properties and are generally divided into low-threshold (T-types) and high threshold (L-, N-, P/Q- and R-types). The L-, N-, P/Q- and R-type channels typically activate at membrane potentials near -30 mV and display diverse kinetic, voltage-dependent and pharmacological properties.1 The availability of specific pharmacological agents targeting the high threshold channels has permitted elucidation of many of their physiological functions. The T-type calcium channels describe a class of molecules that transiently activate at relatively negative potentials (-60 mV) and for which a general lack of high-affinity selective blockers has made their exact physiological contributions lag behind those of the high-voltage activated isoforms" (Snutch, 2005) The effect on Bado's muscles including the aching, twitching and tingling fingers is based on how the calcium mediates constriction and relaxation of blood vessels. This includes those excitable cells which controls the nerve impulses like those occurring in his twitching fingers. More definitively explained by Jane Higdon of the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon University, calcium plays a role in mediating the constriction and relaxation of blood vessels (vasoconstriction and vasodilation), nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, and the secretion of hormones, such as insulin. Excitable cells, such as skeletal muscle and nerve cells, contain voltage-dependent calcium channels in their cell membranes that allow for rapid changes in calcium concentrations. For example, when a muscle fiber receives a nerve impulse that stimulates it to contract, calcium channels in the cell membrane open to allow a few calcium ions into the muscle cell. These calcium ions bind to activator proteins within the cell that release a flood of calcium ions from storage vesicles inside the cell. The binding of calcium to the protein, troponin-c, initiates a series of steps that lead to muscle contraction. The binding of calcium to the protein, calmodulin, activates enzymes that breakdown muscle glycogen to provide energy for muscle contraction. (Higdon, 2003) As explained in the following afflictions, cell excitability and effects on the skeletal muscle are discussed: a) Hyperkalemia: "In acute hyperkalemia, the ratio of intracellular to extracellular K+ is decreased. The gap between the resting membrane potential to the excitability threshold is decreased and the nerve conduction is initiated more easily. If this continues it progresses to weakness of muscles. Gradual hyperkalemia, as in

The substitution reactions

The substitution reactions Acknowledgement The preparation of this project on the topic- substitution reactions.: a profile would not have been possible without the valuable contribution of my TEACHERS. I would like to give most specially thanks to my CHE sir Dr. Ashish kumar who is my chemistry teacher to giving me the important guidelines during making this project. So, I hope this project will provide large and sufficient information about the different coordination numbers present in the coordination chemistry. Introduction In substitution reaction, afunctional groupin a particularchemical compoundis replaced by another group[1]. Inorganic chemistry, theelectrophilicandnucleophilicsubstitution reactions are of prime importance. Organic substitution reactions classified in several mainorganic reactiontypes depending on whether thereagentthat brings about the substitution is considered anelectrophileor anucleophile, whether areactive intermediateinvolved in the reaction is acarbocation, acarbanionor afree radicalor whether thesubstrateisaliphaticor aromatic. It also is helpful for optimizing a reaction with regard to variables such as temperature and choice of solvent Substitution reaction : chlorination of methane Nuclophilic reactions: These kind of substitution reactions happen when the reagent is a nucleophile, which means, an atom or molecule with free electrons. Anucleophilereacts with analiphaticsubstrate in anucleophilic aliphatic substitutionreaction. When the substrate is anaromaticcompound the reaction type isnucleophilic aromatic substitution. Carboxylic acidderivatives react with nucleophiles innucleophilic acyl substitution. This kind of reaction can be useful in preparing compounds The Nucleophilic substitutions can be produced by two different mechanisms: Monomolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN1): In this case the reaction proceeds in stages, the compounds first dissociate in their ions and then this ions react between them. Its produced by carbocations. Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2): In this case the reaction proceeds in only one stage. The attack of the reagent and the expulsion of the leaving group happen simultaneously. Electrophilic reaction Electrophilesare involved inelectrophilic substitutionreactions and particularly inelectrophilic aromatic substitutions: Electrophilic reactions to other unsaturated compounds thanarenesgenerally lead toelectrophilic additionrather than substitution. Radical substitutions Aradical substitutionreaction involvesradicals The term nucleophile comes from the Greek meaning nucleus loving, in other words nucleophiles seek positive charged centres. Nucleophiles have lone pairs of electrons and may carry a negative charge. There are many examples of nucleophiles, such asNH3,H2O,CN-,HC?C-, andOH-. Alkyl halides contain a halogen (X =F,Cl,BrorI) covalently bonded to a carbon atom. Due to the electronegativity differences between carbon and the halide, theC-Xbond is polar with a partial positive charge (?+) on the carbon atom and a partial negative charge (?-) on the halogen. Halogens are good leaving groups and can be replaced by an incoming nucleophile. Nucleophilic substitution is the reaction of an electron pair donor (the nucleophile, Nu) with an electron pair acceptor (the electrophile). An sp3-hybridized electrophile must have a leaving group (X) in order for the reaction to take place. Mechanism of Nucleophilic Substitution The term SN2 means that two molecules are involved in the actual transition state: The departure of the leaving group occurs simultaneously with the backside attack by the nucleophile. The SN2 reaction thus leads to a predictable configuration of the stereocenter it proceeds with inversion (reversal of the configuration). In the SN1 reaction, a planar carbenium ion is formed first, which then reacts further with the nucleophile. Since the nucleophile is free to attack from either side, this reaction is associated with racemization. In both reactions, the nucleophile competes with the leaving group. Because of this, one must realize what properties a leaving group should have, and what constitutes a good nucleophile. For this reason, it is worthwhile to know which factors will determine whether a reaction follows an SN1 or SN2 pathway. Common examples include Organic reductionswithhydrides, for example R-X?R-HusingLiAlH4 (SN2) hydrolysisreactions such as R-Br + OH-?R-OH+Br-(SN2) or R-Br + H2O ? R-OH +HBr (SN1) Williamson ether synthesis R-Br +OR-?R-OR+ Br- (SN2) Electrophilic substitution Electrophilic aromatic substitutionorEASis anorganic reactionin which an atom, usuallyhydrogen, appended to anaromatic systemis replaced by anelectrophile. The most important reactions of this type that take place arearomatic nitration,aromatic halogenation,aromatic sulfonation, and acylation and alkylatingFriedel-Crafts reactions. Basic reaction Aromatic nitrationsto formnitro compoundstake place by generating a nitronium ion fromnitric acidandsulfuric acid. Aromatic sulfonationofbenzenewith fumingsulfuric acidgives benzenesulfonic acid. Aromatic halogenationof benzene withbromine,chlorineoriodinegives the corresponding aryl halogen compounds catalyzed by the corresponding iron trihalide. TheFriedel-Crafts reactionexists as anacylationand analkylationwith acyl halides oralkyl halidesas reactants. The catalyst is most typicallyaluminium trichloride, but almost any strongLewis acidcan be used. In Fridel-Crafts acylation, a full measure of aluminium trichloride must be used, as opposed to a catalytic amount. Basic reaction mechanism In the first step of thereaction mechanismfor this reaction, the electron-rich aromatic ring which in the simplest case isbenzeneattacks the electrophileA. This leads to the formation of a positively-charged cyclohexadienylcation, also known as anarenium ion. Thiscarbocationis unstable, owing both to the positive charge on the molecule and to the temporary loss ofaromaticity. However, the cyclohexadienyl cation is partially stabilized byresonance, which allows the positive charge to be distributed over three carbon atoms. In the second stage of the reaction, aLewis baseBdonates electrons to the hydrogen atom at the point of electrophilic attack, and the electrons shared by the hydrogen return to thepisystem, restoring aromaticity. An electrophilic substitution reaction on benzene does not always result in monosubstitution. While electrophilic substituents usually withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring and thus deactivate it against further reaction, a sufficiently strong electrophile can perform a second or even a third substitution. This is especially the case with the use ofcatalysts. Radical Substitution Radicals A radical is a species that contains unpaired electrons. Typically formed by a homolytic bond cleavage as represented by the fishhook curved arrows: RADICAL CHAIN MECHANISM FOR REACTION OF METHANE WITH Br2 Step 1 (Initiation) Heat or uv light cause the weak halogen bond to undergo homolytic cleavage to generate two bromine radicals and starting the chain process. Step 2 (Propagation) A bromine radical abstracts a hydrogen to form HBr and a methyl radical, then The methyl radical abstracts a bromine atom from another molecule of Br2to form the methyl bromide product andanotherbromine radical, which can then itself undergo reaction 2(a) creating a cycle that can repeat. Step 3 (Termination) Various reactions between the possible pairs of radicals allow for the formation of ethane, Br2or the product, methyl bromide. These reactions remove radicals and do not perpetuate the cycle. There are two components to understanding the selectivity of radical halogenations of alkanes: reactivity of R-H system reactivity of X. R-H The strength of the R-H varies slightly depending on whether the H is 1o, 2oor 3o. The following table shows the bond dissociation energy, that is the energy required to break the bond in a homolytic fashion, generating R.and H. Halogen radical, X. Bromine radicals are less reactive than chlorine radicals Br.tends to be more selective in its reactions, and prefers to react with the weaker R-H bonds. The more reactive chlorine radical is less discriminating in what it reacts with. The selectivity of the radical reactions can be predicted mathematically based on a combination of an experimentally determined reactivity factor, Ri, and a statistical factor, nHi. In order to use the equation shown below we need to look at our original alkane and look at each H in turn to see what product it would give if it were to be susbtituted. This is an exercise in recognizing different types of hydrogen, something that will be important later. REFERENCES:- Chang Raymond www.wikepedia.org www.google.com

Brain Development Essay

At birth there are about 100 billion brain cells produced and they are beginning to connect with each other. At the first week of age, brain development starts with conception. It is important to reach the age of an infant and practice the ten principals. In the early years, young brains produce almost twice as many synapses as they will need. By age two, the number of synapses a toddler has is similar to that of an adult. By three the child has twice as many synapses as an adult. The infant brain develops through the interaction with the world around, especially the interaction with adults. At the first few months, an infant cannot response to praise or punishment. Emerging research on brain development indicates that the degree for responsive care giving that children receive as infants and toddlers positively affects the connections between neurons in the brain (Brain Cells), and the architecture of the brain itself. The first three years of life are the period of growth in all areas of a baby’s development. Consistent, responsive relationships enable infants and toddlers to develop secure attachments. Infants and Toddlers develop knowing and understanding by perceiving experiences directly with the senses. For infants to acquire the ability to comprehend this sensory information they must b able to distinguish between the familiar and the unknown; later they will begin to consider, to formulate, and to form mental images in this process of experiencing and clarifying the environment. Infants begin by exploring the world with their bodies. They internalize what they take in through their senses and display it in their physical movements. Infants gather vital information through such simple acts as mouthing, grasping, and reaching. The knowing process also involves language abilities. As young children use their senses to experience the world, they need labels to categorize and remember these experiences. By creating these labels, children increase their ability to communicate and begin to control their own behavior. These expanded abilities give young children additional opportunities to understand the world (Infant, Toddlers, and Caregiver Ninth Edition). Recent brain research supports the goal of building a total person instead of concentrating on cognitive development alone. Providing a rich environment with interesting things to do is desirable and stimulates cognitive development. But that does not work without working on physical, social, and emotional development at the same time. What make differences are the day-to-day living, the relationships, the experiences, the diapering, the feedings, the toilet training, and the free play and exploration that contribute to intellectual development. Early experiences matter, and shape brain architecture. Advances in brain research have provided great insight into how young children’s experiences have profound impact on genetic predispositions and thereby share the processes that determine whether their brains will have adaptations or maladaptations for later learning, memory, reasoning, executive functioning, expressing a full range of positive and negative emotions, socialization, behavior control and lifelong health. The thrust of this element is to close the gap between what we have learned and what we do with infants and toddlers. Experiences that prepare the developing brain to function optimally include having warm, nurturing, attentive social interactions and conscientiously buffering young children from the adverse impact of toxic stress. Lack of these kinds of experiences can have devastating, long-term effects on brain development including cognitive functioning and social-emotional competencies. For example, unpredictable or chaotic routines or lack of consistent caregivers may jeopardize children’s foundation for identity development or self regulation, or few language experiences, toys, and opportunities to explore impede the development of neural connections and pathways that facilitate learning (Essential elements of Quality-Infant-toddler Program). To deliver high quality care giving, adults need to understand and recognize key developmental processes that help them understand and support infants and toddlers. Since this essential element explicitly identifies knowledge about key developmental processes threats to them as a factor in quality infant-toddler program, three terms are defined as important pieces of a wider knowledge base about brain development that informs practice: serve and return, executive functioning and toxic stress. Serve and return is the interaction between young children and their parents and caregiver is a key to healthy brain development. It helps to create neural connections that build later cognitive and emotional skills. Executive functioning represents the cognitive skills that enable a child to focus on, hold, and think about information, filter distractions; and divert their attention to something new. The foundation for executive functioning is laid in infancy and is facilitated through early experiences. Acquiring the early building blocks of (executive functioning) skills is one of the most important and challenging tasks of the early childhood years. Toxic stress is defined as strong, frequent, and/or prolonged adversity without adequate adult support. Toxic stress disrupts brain development. While some experience with manageable stress is important for healthy development, prolonged, uninterrupted, overwhelming stress; toxic stress without the buffering relationships a child needs, can result in damaged, weakened systems and brain architecture that can have negative long-term effect (Essential Elements of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program). Environments make a difference in brain development. Environments that provide proper nutrition and regularly scheduled periods of sleep and physical activity consistently promote warm, nurturing, attentive social interaction; and conscientiously buffer young children from the adverse impacts of toxic stress. Lack of adequate nutrition, physical activity, appropriate sensory stimulation or social-emotional developmental experiences disrupt brain architecture and can have a decisively negative Impact on future development (Essential Elements of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program). Finding about the impact of early experiences on brain development highlight the importance of intervening early with highly stressed infants and toddlers and their families. Infants and children who are rarely spoken to, who are exposed to few toys, and who have little opportunity to explore and experiment with their environment may fail to fully develop the neural connections and path ways that facilitate later learning. Despite their normal genetic endowment, these children are at a significant intellectual disadvantage and are likely to require costly special education or other remedial services when they enter school. Fortunately, intervention programs that start working with children and their families at birth or even prenatally can help prevent this tragic loss of potential. While high-quality infant and toddler programs are not necessarily intervention programs. When caregiver and parenting practices are grounded in knowledge of early brain development, caregivers and parents are much more effective in providing experiences that facilitate optimal development including strong brain architecture (Essential element of Quality-Infant-Toddler Program).

Ethical and Governance Issues Raised - 3252 Words

Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 2 Discussion of case study 2 2.1 Identification of the Ethical and Governance issues raised in the case study 2 2.2 Critical analysis of the main ethical and the governance issues raised in the case study 5 2.3 An evaluation of the conditions that enabled the issues identified to arise 7 2.4 Recommendations to the company 9 3 Conclusion 11 4 References 12 Introduction Apple is one of the most successful companies to date, they have dominated most of the markets they have entered, and all of this was able to become a reality because of Steve Jobs, the founder of Apple. He is seen as a somewhat genius when it comes to business, and his employees seem to be very satisfied, but what most people†¦show more content†¦corporate social responsibility; and (2) what has Apple actually done in regards to ensuring that its Chinese suppliers comply with Apple’s values. Corporations such as Apple, are constantly under pressure to maximise shareholder wealth, as shareholders are the ultimate owners of the company. A key proponent of this view was Nobel-Prize winning economist, Milton Friedman. Friedman states in a New York Times article (1962) that managers’ key responsibility as agents was to the act in shareholders’ best interests; this was management’s social responsibility. By acting in the interest of others, such as the interest of society, management are not fulfilling their duty to shareholders and are effectively imposing a tax on shareholders, who could more efficiently allocate their resources to this purpose rather than rely on corporations. However, modern theory known as corporate social responsibility (CSR), has complicated the situation in that stating that companies are not only responsible to its shareholders, but also to the stakeholders which its actions may impact (Freeman 1984). While this may seem to contradict the mantra of profit maximisation, Russo and Perrini (2010) suggest that in today’s conscience-minded society, success is based not only on maximising profit but also on a corporation’s stakeholder relationships, which include social and environmental issues. The important factor in understanding CSR is that organisationsShow MoreRelatedFinancial Management And Corporate Social Responsibility1216 Words   |  5 Pagesworld these days as well as the significant growth of organization, there are such key concerns on not only the issue of financial management or corporate social responsibility, but also the importance of ethics and governance, in which how an organization manages its business acting in the best interests of public and stakeholders. 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Idioms and Expressions With Do

The following idioms and expressions use the verb do. Each idiom or expression has a definition and two example sentences to help understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with do.   Do a Double Take Definition: look twice at someone or something because you are surprised She did a double take when he walked into the room.Did you see that man do a double take as he looked at the price? Do a Number on Someone Definition: trick someone, cheat someone, hurt someone very badly Im afraid she did a number on him when she broke up.That guy did a number on John to the tune of $500! Do an About Face Definition: turn around, return to where someone came from Id like you to do an about face and go clean your room!As soon as I got to work I realized Id have to do an about face because Id left my briefcase at home. Do Away With Something Definition: prohibit something, make something not available   They tried to do away with coffee in some cultures to little success.Anytime they do away with something people want it even more.   Do Justice to Something Definition: do successfully and with honor, complete in a befitting manner I think that painting doesnt do justice to him.Alice really did justice to the presentation.   Do One’s Duty Definition: complete a responsibility, do something that is expected of you Remember to do your duty by honoring your parents.Ill do my duty but nothing more. Do Ones Part Definition: do something that is required of you, join in doing something that requires many people He feels that volunteering is doing his part.Do you part and get along and youll have no problems here. Do or Die Definition: complete a task or utterly fail Its do or die time now. Were getting married!Well John, its do or die. Lets go! Do Someone Good   Definition: be beneficial for someone I think taking the week off will do you good.She told me a massage would do me good.   Do Something Over Definition: repeat an action often because of a poor start Lets do that over! I wasnt concentrated enough!Id love to do college over if I had the chance. Do Someone Proud definition: do something so well that another person is proud of you David did his father proud throughout his successful life.I think youll do your family proud this year.   Do Someones Heart Good Definition: be good for someone emotionally I think listening to some classical music would do your heat good.Getting straight As did her heart good. Do Something by Hand Definition: build something on ones own He built his house by hand.I created that desk by hand.   Do Something in Vain Definition: do something with no reason or chance at success Peter feels his doing the job in vain.Never feel youre doing something in vain. Theres always a reason. Do Something on the Fly Definition: do something quickly without thinking I did it on the fly, its nothing special.Lets do it on the fly. It wont take long. Do Something on the Run Definition: do something while on the way to somewhere else We did it on the run while on the way to Arizona.You can do it on the run. Lets go! Do Something on the Sly Definition: do something without having other people notice She did it on the sly. Her husband never had a clue.He made lots of money by doing it on the sly. Do the Honors Definition: do something like cutting a cake, or giving a speech that is an honor Id like to let your father do the honors.Ill do the honors and toast to happy and long life! Do the Trick definition: complete the task, function as a solution I think this pen will do the trick.Youll come up with something to do the trick. Do You Read Me? Definition: question asked usually in a stern manner to ask if someone understands Well have no more talk! Do you read me?!Thats enough. Do you read me?